The working paper is a result of a detailed study to assess and compare the operational and economic performance of diesel and electric buses (12 m) on specific Transjakarta routes (in the city of Jakarta). The study employs advanced modeling tools for route development, computational simulation, and range analysis to provide a thorough understanding of the total cost of ownership for selected routes.

The study further addresses the unique challenges presented by the varied energy consumption, operational range, and costs associated with the diverse routes within the system. The route level analysis was the first of its kind concerning e-buses in Indonesia and can serve as a more accurate tool to assist decision makers in other cities in achieving public transit electrification goals.